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Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-1014
KAR5 is required for membrane fusion during karyogamy, the process of nuclear fusion during
yeast mating. To investigate the molecular mechanism
of nuclear fusion, we cloned and characterized the
KAR5 gene and its product. KAR5 is a nonessential
gene, and deletion mutations produce a bilateral defect
in the homotypic fusion of yeast nuclei. KAR5 encodes
a novel protein that shares similarity with a protein in
Schizosaccharomyces pombe that may play a similar
role in nuclear fusion. Kar5p is induced as part of the
pheromone response pathway, suggesting that this protein uniquely plays a specific role during mating in nuclear membrane fusion. Kar5p is a membrane protein
with its soluble domain entirely contained within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. In pheromone-treated cells, Kar5p was localized to the vicinity of the
spindle pole body, the initial site of fusion between haploid nuclei during karyogamy. We propose that Kar5p
is required for the completion of nuclear membrane fusion and may play a role in the organization of the
membrane fusion complex.
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