Identification of a Preinitiation Step in DNA Replication That Is Independent of Origin Recognition Complex and cdc6, but Dependent on cdk2

doi:10.1083/jcb.140.2.271

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J. Cell Biol., Volume 140, Number 2, January 26, 1998 271-281

Identification of a Preinitiation Step in DNA Replication That Is Independent of Origin Recognition Complex and cdc6, but Dependent on cdk2

Xuequn Helen Hua, and John Newport

Biology Department, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0347

Before initiation of DNA replication, origin recognition complex (ORC) proteins, cdc6, and minichromosome maintenance (MCM)proteins bind to chromatin sequentially and form preinitiationcomplexes. Using Xenopus laevis egg extracts, we find that afterthe formation of these complexes and before initiation of DNAreplication, cdc6 is rapidly removed from chromatin, possiblydegraded by a cdk2-activated, ubiquitin-dependent proteolyticpathway. If this displacement is inhibited, DNA replication failsto initiate. We also find that after assembly of MCM proteinsinto preinitiation complexes, removal of the ORC from DNA doesnot block the subsequent initiation of replication. Importantly,under conditions in which both ORC and cdc6 protein are absentfrom preinitiation complexes, DNA replication is still dependenton cdk2 activity. Therefore, the final steps in the process leadingto initiation of DNA replication during S phase of the cell cycleare independent of ORC and cdc6 proteins, but dependent on cdk2activity.

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