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J. Cell Biol.,
Volume 141, Number 4, May 18, 1998 955-966
* Cell Biology Laboratory, and During mitosis, the ribbon of the Golgi apparatus is transformed into dispersed tubulo-vesicular
membranes, proposed to facilitate stochastic inheritance of this low copy number organelle at cytokinesis. Here, we have analyzed the mitotic disassembly of the
Golgi apparatus in living cells and provide evidence
that inheritance is accomplished through an ordered
partitioning mechanism. Using a Sar1p dominant inhibitor of cargo exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER),
we found that the disassembly of the Golgi observed
during mitosis or microtubule disruption did not appear
to involve retrograde transport of Golgi residents to the
ER and subsequent reorganization of Golgi membrane
fragments at ER exit sites, as has been suggested. Instead, direct visualization of a green fluorescent protein
(GFP)-tagged Golgi resident through mitosis showed
that the Golgi ribbon slowly reorganized into 1-3-µm
fragments during G2/early prophase. A second stage of
fragmentation occurred coincident with nuclear envelope breakdown and was accompanied by the bulk of
mitotic Golgi redistribution. By metaphase, mitotic
Golgi dynamics appeared to cease. Surprisingly, the
disassembly of mitotic Golgi fragments was not a random event, but involved the reorganization of mitotic Golgi by microtubules, suggesting that analogous to
chromosomes, the Golgi apparatus uses the mitotic
spindle to ensure more accurate partitioning during cytokinesis.
Light Microscopy Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London WC2A 3PX, United
Kingdom
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