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J. Cell Biol.,
Volume 142, Number 6, September 21, 1998 1487-1499
Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
A morphogenesis checkpoint in budding
yeast delays cell cycle progression in response to perturbations of cell polarity that prevent bud formation
(Lew, D.J., and S.I. Reed. 1995. J. Cell Biol. 129:739-
749). The cell cycle delay depends upon the tyrosine kinase Swe1p, which phosphorylates and inhibits the
cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28p (Sia, R.A.L., H.A.
Herald, and D.J. Lew. 1996. Mol. Biol. Cell. 7:1657-
1666). In this report, we have investigated the nature of
the defect(s) that trigger this checkpoint. A Swe1p- dependent cell cycle delay was triggered by direct perturbations of the actin cytoskeleton, even when polarity
establishment functions remained intact. Furthermore,
actin perturbation could trigger the checkpoint even in
cells that had already formed a bud, suggesting that the
checkpoint directly monitors actin organization, rather than (or in addition to) polarity establishment or bud
formation. In addition, we show that the checkpoint
could detect actin perturbations through most of the
cell cycle. However, the ability to respond to such perturbations by delaying cell cycle progression was restricted to a narrow window of the cell cycle, delimited
by the periodic accumulation of the checkpoint effector, Swe1p.
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