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J. Cell Biol., Volume 144, Number 4, February 22, 1999 755-765

Similarities and Differences in RANTES- and (AOP)-RANTES-triggered Signals: Implications for Chemotaxis

José M. Rodríguez-Frade,* Antonio J. Vila-Coro,* Ana Martín,* Marta Nieto,Dagger Francisco Sánchez-Madrid,Dagger Amanda E.I. Proudfoot,§ Timothy N.C. Wells,§ Carlos Martínez-A,* and Mario Mellado*

* Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC/UAM, Campus de Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Dagger  Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Diego de León 62, E-28006 Madrid, Spain; and § Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva CH-1228, Switzerland

Chemokines are a family of proinflammatory cytokines that attract and activate specific types of leukocytes. Chemokines mediate their effects via interaction with seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Using CCR5-transfected HEK-293 cells, we show that both the CCR5 ligand, RANTES, as well as its derivative, aminooxypentane (AOP)- RANTES, trigger immediate responses such as Ca2+ influx, receptor dimerization, tyrosine phosphorylation, and Galpha i as well as JAK/STAT association to the receptor. In contrast to RANTES, (AOP)-RANTES is unable to trigger late responses, as measured by the association of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) to the chemokine receptor complex, impaired cell polarization required for migration, or chemotaxis. The results are discussed in the context of the dissociation of the late signals, provoked by the chemokines required for cell migration, from early signals.

Key words: chemokines;  receptor dimerization;  inflammation;  HIV-1


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