Rac Homologues and Compartmentalized Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-Bisphosphate Act in a Common Pathway to Regulate Polar Pollen Tube Growth

doi:10.1083/jcb.145.2.317

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J. Cell Biol., Volume 145, Number 2, April 19, 1999 317-330

Rac Homologues and Compartmentalized Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-Bisphosphate Act in a Common Pathway to Regulate Polar Pollen Tube Growth

Benedikt Kost,^* Emmanuel Lemichez,^* Pius Spielhofer,^* Yan Hong, Kimberly Tolias,^§ Christopher Carpenter,^§^¶ and Nam-Hai Chua^*

^* Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York 10021-6399; Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Agrobiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604; ^§ Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; and Department of Cell Biology and ^¶ Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215

Pollen tube cells elongate based on actin- dependent targeted secretion at the tip. Rho family small GTPases have been implicatedin the regulation of related processes in animal and yeast cells.We have functionally characterized Rac type Rho family proteinsthat are expressed in growing pollen tubes. Expression of dominantnegative Rac inhibited pollen tube elongation, whereas expressionof constitutive active Rac induced depolarized growth. Pollentube Rac was found to accumulate at the tip plasma membrane andto physically associate with a phosphatidylinositol monophosphatekinase (PtdIns P-K) activity. Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate(PtdIns 4, 5-P₂), the product of PtdIns P-Ks, showed a similarintracellular localization as Rac. Expression of the pleckstrinhomology (PH)-domain of phospholipase C (PLC)- $delta$ ₁, which bindsspecifically to PtdIns 4, 5-P₂, inhibited pollen tube elongation.These results indicate that Rac and PtdIns 4, 5-P₂ act in a commonpathway to control polar pollen tube growth and provide directevidence for a function of PtdIns 4, 5-P₂ compartmentalizationin the regulation of thisprocess.

Key words: pollen tube; polarity; actin; Rac; PtdIns 4, 5-P₂

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