Cytoplasmic Dynein Is Required for the Nuclear Attachment and Migration of Centrosomes during Mitosis in Drosophila

doi:10.1083/jcb.146.3.597

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J. Cell Biol., Volume 146, Number 3, August 9, 1999 597-608
Copyright © 1999 by The Rockefeller University Press.

Cytoplasmic Dynein Is Required for the Nuclear Attachment and Migration of Centrosomes during Mitosis in Drosophila

John T. Robinson^a, Edward J. Wojcik^a, Mark A. Sanders^a, Maura McGrail^a, and Thomas S. Hays^a
^a University of Minnesota, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108-1095

Correspondence to: Thomas S. Hays, University of Minnesota, Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 1445 Gortner Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108-1095. Tel:(612) 625-2226 Fax:(612) 625-5754 E-mail:tom-h{at}biosci.cbs.umn.edu.

Cytoplasmic dynein is a multisubunit minus-end–directedmicrotubule motor that serves multiple cellular functions. Geneticstudies in Drosophila and mouse have demonstrated that dyneinfunction is essential in metazoan organisms. However, whetherthe essential function of dynein reflects a mitotic requirement,and what specific mitotic tasks require dynein remains controversial.Drosophila is an excellent genetic system in which to analyzedynein function in mitosis, providing excellent cytology inembryonic and somatic cells. We have used previously characterizedrecessive lethal mutations in the dynein heavy chain gene, Dhc64C,to reveal the contributions of the dynein motor to mitotic centrosomebehavior in the syncytial embryo. Embryos lacking wild-typecytoplasmic dynein heavy chain were analyzed by in vivo analysisof rhodamine-labeled microtubules, as well as by immu-nofluorescencein situ methods. Comparisons between wild-type and Dhc64C mutantembryos reveal that dynein function is required for the attachmentand migration of centrosomes along the nuclear envelope duringinterphase/prophase, and to maintain the attachment of centrosomesto mitotic spindle poles. The disruption of these centrosomeattachments in mutant embryos reveals a critical role for dyneinfunction and centrosome positioning in the spatial organizationof the syncytial cytoplasm of the developing embryo.

Key Words: mitosis, centrosomes, dynein, syncytial blastoderm, Drosophila

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