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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/1999/10/307/ $5.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 147, Number 2, October 18, 1999 307-320

Original Article

Analysis of Dynactin Subcomplexes Reveals a Novel Actin-related Protein Associated with the Arp1 Minifilament Pointed End

D. Mark Eckleya, Steven R. Gilla, Karin A. Melkoniana, James B. Binghama, Holly V. Goodsonb, John E. Heuserc, and Trina A. Schroera
a Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
b Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneva, 12000 Geneva, Switzerland
c Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130

Correspondence to: Trina A. Schroer, Department of Biology, Charles and 34th Streets, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218. Tel:(410) 516-5373 Fax:(410) 516-5375 E-mail:schroer{at}jhu.edu.

The multisubunit protein, dynactin, is a critical component of the cytoplasmic dynein motor machinery. Dynactin contains two distinct structural domains: a projecting sidearm that interacts with dynein and an actin-like minifilament backbone that is thought to bind cargo. Here, we use biochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular cloning techniques to obtain a comprehensive picture of dynactin composition and structure. Treatment of purified dynactin with recombinant dynamitin yields two assemblies: the actin-related protein, Arp1, minifilament and the p150Glued sidearm. Both contain dynamitin. Treatment of dynactin with the chaotropic salt, potassium iodide, completely depolymerizes the Arp1 minifilament to reveal multiple protein complexes that contain the remaining dynactin subunits. The shoulder/sidearm complex contains p150Glued, dynamitin, and p24 subunits and is ultrastructurally similar to dynactin's flexible projecting sidearm. The dynactin shoulder complex, which contains dynamitin and p24, is an elongated, flexible assembly that may link the shoulder/sidearm complex to the Arp1 minifilament. Pointed-end complex contains p62, p27, and p25 subunits, plus a novel actin-related protein, Arp11. p62, p27, and p25 contain predicted cargo-binding motifs, while the Arp11 sequence suggests a pointed-end capping activity. These isolated dynactin subdomains will be useful tools for further analysis of dynactin assembly and function.

Key Words: dynein, ultrastructure


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