Original Article

The Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatase CRYP Promotes Intraretinal Axon Growth

Correspondence to: Bernhard K. Mueller, Max-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung I, Physikalische Biologie, Spemannstr. 35/I, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany. Tel:49-7071-601-341 Fax:49-7071-601-305 E-mail:bernhard.mueller{at}tuebingen.mpg.de.

Retinal ganglion cell axons grow towards the optic fissure in close contact with the basal membrane, an excellent growth substratum. One of the ligands of receptor tyrosine phosphatase CRYP is located on the retinal and tectal basal membranes. To analyze the role of this RPTP and its ligand in intraretinal growth and guidance of ganglion cell axons, we disrupted ligand- receptor interactions on the retinal basal membrane in culture. Antibodies against CRYP strongly reduced retinal axon growth on the basal membrane, and induced a dramatic change in morphology of retinal growth cones, reducing the size of growth cone lamellipodia. A similar effect was observed by blocking the ligand with a CRYP ectodomain fusion protein. These effects did not occur, or were much reduced, when axons were grown either on laminin-1, on matrigel or on basal membranes with glial endfeet removed. This indicates that a ligand for CRYP is located on glial endfeet. These results show for the first time in vertebrates that the interaction of a receptor tyrosine phosphatase with its ligand is crucial not only for promotion of retinal axon growth but also for maintenance of retinal growth cone lamellipodia on basal membranes.

Key Words: receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, axon growth, actin cytoskeleton, growth cone, integrin

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Siu, R., Fladd, C., Rotin, D. (2007). N-Cadherin Is an In Vivo Substrate for Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Sigma (PTP{sigma}) and Participates in PTP{sigma}-Mediated Inhibition of Axon Growth. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27: 208-219 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stepanek, L., Stoker, A. W., Stoeckli, E., Bixby, J. L. (2005). Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatases Guide Vertebrate Motor Axons during Development. J. Neurosci. 25: 3813-3823 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kolpak, A., Zhang, J., Bao, Z.-Z. (2005). Sonic Hedgehog Has a Dual Effect on the Growth of Retinal Ganglion Axons Depending on Its Concentration. J. Neurosci. 25: 3432-3441 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhang, J., Jin, Z., Bao, Z.-Z. (2004). Disruption of gradient expression of Zic3 resulted in abnormal intra-retinal axon projection. Development 131: 1553-1562 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jin, Z., Zhang, J., Klar, A., Chedotal, A., Rao, Y., Cepko, C. L., Bao, Z.-Z. (2003). Irx4-mediated regulation of Slit1 expression contributes to the definition of early axonal paths inside the retina. Development 130: 1037-1048 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Johnson, K. G., Van Vactor, D. (2003). Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Nervous System Development. Physiol. Rev. 83: 1-24 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• McLean, J., Batt, J., Doering, L. C., Rotin, D., Bain, J. R. (2002). Enhanced Rate of Nerve Regeneration and Directional Errors After Sciatic Nerve Injury in Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase sigma Knock-Out Mice. J. Neurosci. 22: 5481-5491 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rashid-Doubell, F., McKinnell, I., Aricescu, A. R., Sajnani, G., Stoker, A. (2002). Chick PTPsigma Regulates the Targeting of Retinal Axons within the Optic Tectum. J. Neurosci. 22: 5024-5033 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Burden-Gulley, S. M., Ensslen, S. E., Brady-Kalnay, S. M. (2002). Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-{micro} Differentially Regulates Neurite Outgrowth of Nasal and Temporal Neurons in the Retina. J. Neurosci. 22: 3615-3627 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Aricescu, A. R., McKinnell, I. W., Halfter, W., Stoker, A. W. (2002). Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans Are Ligands for Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase {sigma}. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22: 1881-1892 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stepanek, L., Sun, Q. L., Wang, J., Wang, C., Bixby, J. L. (2001). CRYP-2/cPTPRO is a neurite inhibitory repulsive guidance cue for retinal neurons in vitro. J. Cell Biol. 154: 867-878 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Xie, Y., Yeo, T. T., Zhang, C., Yang, T., Tisi, M. A., Massa, S. M., Longo, F. M. (2001). The Leukocyte Common Antigen-Related Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Regulates Regenerative Neurite Outgrowth In Vivo. J. Neurosci. 21: 5130-5138 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Petrone, A, Sap, J (2000). Emerging issues in receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase function: lifting fog or simply shifting?. J. Cell Sci. 113: 2345-2354 [Abstract]  

Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search | Table of Contents