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Published online 17 November 2003. doi:10.1083/jcb.200308142
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/2003/11/879 $8.00
The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 163, Number 4, 879-888


Article

Differently anchored influenza hemagglutinin mutants display distinct interaction dynamics with mutual rafts

Dmitry E. Shvartsman1, Mariana Kotler1, Renee D. Tall2, Michael G. Roth2 and Yoav I. Henis1

1 Department of Neurobiochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235

Address correspondence to Yoav I. Henis, Dept. of Neurobiochemistry, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. Tel.: (972)-3-640-9053. Fax: (972)-3-640-7643. email: henis{at}post.tau.ac.il

Lipid rafts play important roles in cellular functions through concentrating or sequestering membrane proteins. This requires proteins to differ in the stability of their interactions with lipid rafts. However, knowledge of the dynamics of membrane protein–raft interactions is lacking. We employed FRAP to measure in live cells the lateral diffusion of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) proteins that differ in raft association. This approach can detect weak interactions with rafts not detectable by biochemical methods. Wild-type (wt) HA and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored HA (BHA-PI) diffused slower than a nonraft HA mutant, but became equal to the latter after cholesterol depletion. When antigenically distinct BHA-PI and wt HA were coexpressed, aggregation of BHA-PI into immobile patches reduced wt HA diffusion rate, suggesting transient interactions with BHA-PI raft patches. Conversely, patching wt HA reduced the mobile fraction of BHA-PI, indicating stable interactions with wt HA patches. Thus, the anchoring mode determines protein–raft interaction dynamics. GPI-anchored and transmembrane proteins can share the same rafts, and different proteins can interact stably or transiently with the same raft domains.

Key Words: influenza hemagglutinin; rafts; fluorescence; lateral diffusion; photobleaching


Abbreviations used in this paper: DRM, detergent-resistant membrane; GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol; TM, transmembrane; wt, wild type.


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