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¹ Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Baltimore, MD 21210
² Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080

Address correspondence to James Wilhelm, Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 115 West University Parkway, Baltimore, MD 21210. Tel.: (410) 554-8192. Fax: (410) 243-6311. email: wilhelm{at}ciwemb.edu

In Drosophila oocytes, precise localization of the posterior determinant, Oskar, is required for posterior patterning. This precision is accomplished by a localization-dependent translational control mechanism that ensures translation of only correctly localized oskar transcripts. Although progress has been made in identifying localization factors and translational repressors of oskar, none of the known components of the oskar complex is required for both processes. Here, we report the identification of Cup as a novel component of the oskar RNP complex. cup is required for oskar mRNA localization and is necessary to recruit the plus end–directed microtubule transport factor Barentsz to the complex. Surprisingly, Cup is also required to repress the translation of oskar. Furthermore, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is localized within the oocyte in a cup-dependent manner and binds directly to Cup in vitro. Thus, Cup is a translational repressor of oskar that is required to assemble the oskar mRNA localization machinery. We propose that Cup coordinates localization with translation.

Key Words: oskar mRNA; oogenesis; Drosophila; Barentsz; eIF4E binding protein

Abbreviations used in this paper: Btz, Barentsz; eIF4E, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E; Exu, Exuperantia; Yps, Ypsilon Schachtel.

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