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Published 16 August 2004. doi:10.1083/jcb.200405110
The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525 $8.00
JCB, Volume 166, Number 4, 447-453
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Mini-Review

 Retinosomes : new insights into intracellular managing of hydrophobic substances in lipid bodies



Yoshikazu Imanishi1, Volker Gerke4, and Krzysztof Palczewski1,2,3

1 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
3 Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
4 Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany

Address correspondence to Krzysztof Palczewski, Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Box 356485, Seattle, WA 98195-6485. Tel.: (206) 543-9074. Fax: (206) 221-6784. email: palczews{at}u.washington.edu


Abstract
Lipid bodies form autonomous intracellular structures in many model cells and in some cells of specific tissue origin. They contain hydrophobic substances, a set of structural proteins such as perilipin or adipose differentiation-related protein, enzymes implicated in lipid metabolism, and proteins that participate in signaling and membrane trafficking. Retinosomes, particles reminiscent of lipid bodies, have been identified in retinal pigment epithelium as distinct structures compartmentalizing a metabolic intermediate involved in regeneration of the visual chromophore. These observations suggest that lipid bodies, including retinosomes, carry out specific functions that go beyond those of mere lipid storage organelles.

Key Words: retinoid cycle; retina; lipid body; retinal pigment epithelium; adipose differentiation-related protein

Abbreviations used in this paper: ADRP, adipose differentiation-related protein; LRAT, lecithin retinol acyltransferase; RPE, retinal pigment epithelium.


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