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The Journal of Cell Biology, Vol 47, 61-70, Copyright © 1970 by Rockefeller University Press

ARTICLE

PRODUCTION OF BOTH PROLACTIN AND GROWTH HORMONE BY CLONAL STRAINS OF RAT PITUITARY TUMOR CELLS : Differential Effects of Hydrocortisone and Tissue Extracts



Armen H. Tashjian Jr. 1, Frank C. Bancroft 1, and Lawrence Levine 1

1 From the Pharmacology Department, Harvard School of Dental Medicine and the Department of Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts 02115; and the Graduate Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02154.

Dr. Bancroft's present address is the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York 10027

Several established clonal strains of rat pituitary cells which produce growth hormone in culture have been shown to secrete a second protein hormone, prolactin. Prolactin was measured immunologically in culture medium and within cells by complement fixation. Rates of prolactin production varied from 6.6 to 12 µg/mg cell protein per 24 hr in four different cell strains. In these cultures ratios of production of prolactin to growth hormone varied from 1.0 to 4.1. A fifth clonal strain produced growth hormone but no detectable prolactin. Intracellular prolactin was equivalent to the amount secreted into medium in a period of about 1–2 hr. Both cycloheximide and puromycin suppressed prolactin production by at least 94%. Hydrocortisone (3 x 10-6 M), which stimulated the production of growth hormone 4- to 8-fold in most of the cell strains, reduced the rate of prolactin production to less than 25% of that in control cultures. Conversely, addition of simple acid extracts of several tissues, including hypothalamus, to the medium of all strains increased the rate of production of prolactin six to nine times and decreased growth hormone production by about 50%. We conclude that multifunctional rat pituitary cells in culture show unusual promise for further studies of the control of expression of organ-specific activities in mammalian cells.

Submitted on January 29, 1970
Revised on April 6, 1970


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